<?php

namespace Yoast\WP\Lib;

use Exception;
use JsonSerializable;
use ReturnTypeWillChange;

/**
 * Make Model compatible with WordPress.
 *
 * Model base class. Your model objects should extend
 * this class. A minimal subclass would look like:
 *
 * class Widget extends Model {
 * }
 */
class Model implements JsonSerializable {

	/**
	 * Default ID column for all models. Can be overridden by adding
	 * a public static $id_column property to your model classes.
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	public const DEFAULT_ID_COLUMN = 'id';

	/**
	 * Default foreign key suffix used by relationship methods.
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	public const DEFAULT_FOREIGN_KEY_SUFFIX = '_id';

	/**
	 * Set a prefix for model names. This can be a namespace or any other
	 * abitrary prefix such as the PEAR naming convention.
	 *
	 * @example Model::$auto_prefix_models = 'MyProject_MyModels_'; //PEAR
	 * @example Model::$auto_prefix_models = '\MyProject\MyModels\'; //Namespaces
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	public static $auto_prefix_models = '\Yoast\WP\SEO\Models\\';

	/**
	 * Set true to to ignore namespace information when computing table names
	 * from class names.
	 *
	 * @example Model::$short_table_names = true;
	 * @example Model::$short_table_names = false; // default
	 *
	 * @var bool
	 */
	public static $short_table_names = false;

	/**
	 * The ORM instance used by this model instance to communicate with the database.
	 *
	 * @var ORM
	 */
	public $orm;

	/**
	 * The table name for the implemented Model.
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	public static $table;

	/**
	 * Whether or not this model uses timestamps.
	 *
	 * @var bool
	 */
	protected $uses_timestamps = false;

	/**
	 * Which columns contain boolean values.
	 *
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $boolean_columns = [];

	/**
	 * Which columns contain int values.
	 *
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $int_columns = [];

	/**
	 * Which columns contain float values.
	 *
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $float_columns = [];

	/**
	 * Hacks around the Model to provide WordPress prefix to tables.
	 *
	 * @param string $class_name   Type of Model to load.
	 * @param bool   $yoast_prefix Optional. True to prefix the table name with the Yoast prefix.
	 *
	 * @return ORM Wrapper to use.
	 */
	public static function of_type( $class_name, $yoast_prefix = true ) {
		// Prepend namespace to the class name.
		$class = static::$auto_prefix_models . $class_name;

		// Set the class variable to the custom value based on the WPDB prefix.
		$class::$table = static::get_table_name( $class_name, $yoast_prefix );

		return static::factory( $class_name, null );
	}

	/**
	 * Creates a model without the Yoast prefix.
	 *
	 * @param string $class_name Type of Model to load.
	 *
	 * @return ORM
	 */
	public static function of_wp_type( $class_name ) {
		return static::of_type( $class_name, false );
	}

	/**
	 * Exposes method to get the table name to use.
	 *
	 * @param string $table_name   Simple table name.
	 * @param bool   $yoast_prefix Optional. True to prefix the table name with the Yoast prefix.
	 *
	 * @return string Prepared full table name.
	 */
	public static function get_table_name( $table_name, $yoast_prefix = true ) {
		global $wpdb;

		// Allow the use of WordPress internal tables.
		if ( $yoast_prefix ) {
			$table_name = 'yoast_' . $table_name;
		}

		return $wpdb->prefix . \strtolower( $table_name );
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the table name for the given class name.
	 *
	 * @param string $class_name The class to set the table name for.
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	protected function set_table_name( $class_name ) {
		// Prepend namespace to the class name.
		$class = static::$auto_prefix_models . $class_name;

		$class::$table = static::get_table_name( $class_name );
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve the value of a static property on a class. If the
	 * class or the property does not exist, returns the default
	 * value supplied as the third argument (which defaults to null).
	 *
	 * @param string     $class_name    The target class name.
	 * @param string     $property      The property to get the value for.
	 * @param mixed|null $default_value Default value when property does not exist.
	 *
	 * @return mixed|null The value of the property.
	 */
	protected static function get_static_property( $class_name, $property, $default_value = null ) {
		if ( ! \class_exists( $class_name ) || ! \property_exists( $class_name, $property ) ) {
			return $default_value;
		}

		if ( ! isset( $class_name::${$property} ) ) {
			return $default_value;
		}

		return $class_name::${$property};
	}

	/**
	 * Static method to get a table name given a class name.
	 * If the supplied class has a public static property
	 * named $table, the value of this property will be
	 * returned.
	 *
	 * If not, the class name will be converted using
	 * the class_name_to_table_name() method.
	 *
	 * If Model::$short_table_names == true or public static
	 * property $table_use_short_name == true then $class_name passed
	 * to class_name_to_table_name() is stripped of namespace information.
	 *
	 * @param string $class_name The class name to get the table name for.
	 *
	 * @return string The table name.
	 */
	protected static function get_table_name_for_class( $class_name ) {
		$specified_table_name = static::get_static_property( $class_name, 'table' );
		$use_short_class_name = static::use_short_table_name( $class_name );
		if ( $use_short_class_name ) {
			$exploded_class_name = \explode( '\\', $class_name );
			$class_name          = \end( $exploded_class_name );
		}

		if ( $specified_table_name === null ) {
			return static::class_name_to_table_name( $class_name );
		}

		return $specified_table_name;
	}

	/**
	 * Should short table names, disregarding class namespaces, be computed?
	 *
	 * $class_property overrides $global_option, unless $class_property is null.
	 *
	 * @param string $class_name The class name to get short name for.
	 *
	 * @return bool True when short table name should be used.
	 */
	protected static function use_short_table_name( $class_name ) {
		$class_property = static::get_static_property( $class_name, 'table_use_short_name' );

		if ( $class_property === null ) {
			return static::$short_table_names;
		}

		return $class_property;
	}

	/**
	 * Convert a namespace to the standard PEAR underscore format.
	 *
	 * Then convert a class name in CapWords to a table name in
	 * lowercase_with_underscores.
	 *
	 * Finally strip doubled up underscores.
	 *
	 * For example, CarTyre would be converted to car_tyre. And
	 * Project\Models\CarTyre would be project_models_car_tyre.
	 *
	 * @param string $class_name The class name to get the table name for.
	 *
	 * @return string The table name.
	 */
	protected static function class_name_to_table_name( $class_name ) {
		$find         = [
			'/\\\\/',
			'/(?<=[a-z])([A-Z])/',
			'/__/',
		];
		$replacements = [
			'_',
			'_$1',
			'_',
		];

		$class_name = \ltrim( $class_name, '\\' );
		$class_name = \preg_replace( $find, $replacements, $class_name );

		return \strtolower( $class_name );
	}

	/**
	 * Return the ID column name to use for this class. If it is
	 * not set on the class, returns null.
	 *
	 * @param string $class_name The class name to get the ID column for.
	 *
	 * @return string|null The ID column name.
	 */
	protected static function get_id_column_name( $class_name ) {
		return static::get_static_property( $class_name, 'id_column', static::DEFAULT_ID_COLUMN );
	}

	/**
	 * Build a foreign key based on a table name. If the first argument
	 * (the specified foreign key column name) is null, returns the second
	 * argument (the name of the table) with the default foreign key column
	 * suffix appended.
	 *
	 * @param string $specified_foreign_key_name The keyname to build.
	 * @param string $table_name                 The table name to build the key name for.
	 *
	 * @return string The built foreign key name.
	 */
	protected static function build_foreign_key_name( $specified_foreign_key_name, $table_name ) {
		if ( $specified_foreign_key_name !== null ) {
			return $specified_foreign_key_name;
		}

		return $table_name . static::DEFAULT_FOREIGN_KEY_SUFFIX;
	}

	/**
	 * Factory method used to acquire instances